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| Yellow fringed orchid | |
|---|---|
| |
| Platanthera ciliaris | |
Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Monocots |
| Order: | Asparagales |
| Family: | Orchidaceae |
| Subfamily: | Orchidoideae |
| Genus: | Platanthera |
| Species: | P. ciliaris
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| Binomial name | |
| Platanthera ciliaris | |
| |
| Yellow fringed orchid range | |
| Synonyms | |
- Platanthera ciliaris, commonly known as the yellow fringed orchid, yellow-fringed orchid, or orange-fringed orchid, is a large and showy species of orchid. It grows in "acid soil of hillside seepage bogs" in the longleaf pine landscapes of the Gulf Coast of the United States.[2] Like many species in these habitats, including flatwoods, it is dependent upon recurring fire to create open conditions.[3][self-published source] Further north it is found in bogs, but even here it may be dependent upon fire to create open conditions.
It is pollinated by large butterflies, mostly swallowtails.[2]
The species is at risk in some areas from loss of habitat and collecting. For example, it is endangered in Michigan.[4] It has been recorded from extreme southern Ontario, but is now thought to be extirpated.[5]
Taxonomy, Distribution, & Habitat
[edit]The genus name, Platanthera, is of Greek origins, with the roots platys and anthera, meaning "broad" and "anther," respectively.[6] The species name "ciliaris," however, was derived from the Latin word cilium, which means eyelid or eyelashes. Originally named Habenaria ciliaris, French botanist Louis Claude Marie Richard moved to cultivate a unique genus Platenthera from Orchis and Habenaria due to the distinct shape and size of anthers, the pollen producing organ of the stamen, among the approximately 200 species that fall under the genus.[6][7]
Biology, Reproduction & Pollination
[edit]A notable characteristic of Platanthera species are their unique capacity for hybridization, with hybrids in a given region often outnumbering the parental species.[6] P. ciliaris was particularly noted to have common hybridization in nature with P. blephariglottis.[8] Throughout populations across North American, hybridization between P. ciliaris and other platanthera species is site-dependent and often the result of shared pollinators.
References
[edit]- ^ a b NatureServe. "Platanthera ciliaris". NatureServe Explorer. Arlington, Virginia. Retrieved 26 March 2025.
- ^ a b Liggio, J. and Liggio, A.O. 1999. Wild Orchids of Texas. University of Texas Press, Austin. 228 p.
- ^ Keddy, Paul A. (2008). Water, Earth, Fire: Louisiana's Natural Heritage. Philadelphia: Xlibris. p. 229. ISBN 978-1-4363-6234-4.
- ^ a b M.R. Penskar and S.R. Crispin. 2004. Special plant abstract for Platanthera ciliaris (yellow fringed-orchid). Michigan Natural Features Inventory. Lansing, MI. 3 pp
- ^ Oldham, M.J., and S.R. Brinker. 2009. Rare Vascular Plants of Ontario, Fourth Edition. Natural Heritage Information Centre, Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources. Peterborough, Ontario. 188 pp
- ^ a b c Robertson, Judith L.; Wyatt, Robert (February 1990). "Evidence for Pollination Ecotypes in the Yellow-Fringed Orchid, Platanthera ciliaris". Evolution. 44 (1): 121. doi:10.2307/2409528. JSTOR 2409528. PMID 28568207.
- ^ Kees, John (2022-07-15). "Fifteen noteworthy collections from Mississippi, U.S.A." Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas. 16 (1): 223–226. doi:10.17348/jbrit.v16.i1.1228. ISSN 2644-1608.
- ^ Evans, Simone A.; Whigham, Dennis F.; Hartvig, Ida; McCormick, Melissa K. (2023-03-07). "Hybridization in the Fringed Orchids: An Analysis of Species Boundaries in the Face of Gene Flow". Diversity. 15 (3): 384. Bibcode:2023Diver..15..384E. doi:10.3390/d15030384. ISSN 1424-2818.
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No page comments added.Synonyms
- Orange-fringed Orchid